Bipolar disorder is characterized by severe or random shifts in energy, mood and the ability to concentrate. People with bipolar disorder have manic, hypomanic and depressive episodes. Shifting between episodes can make it tough for life to run smoothly.
There are many myths about bipolar disorder. We want to shed light on these myths and uncover the truth about bipolar disorder.
Five Myths About Bipolar Disorder
- MYTH: Bipolar disorder is caused by drug abuse.
It is unknown what exactly causes bipolar disorder, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. The cause may be related to genetics, brain function or brain structure. Some people may have both bipolar disorder and substance use disorder, but it does not mean the bipolar disorder was caused by the substance use.
- MYTH: People with bipolar disorder have the same symptoms.
There are three recognized types of bipolar disorder:
- Bipolar I disorder, characterized by manic episodes for a stretch of seven days or more or severe mania symptoms
- Bipolar II disorder, characterized by a pattern of hypomanic (increased energy) and depressive episodes
- Cyclothymic disorder, characterized by depressive and hypomanic symptoms that come and go or are less severe
Each type can cause different symptoms and experiences. No two patients with bipolar disorder are the same.
- MYTH: People do not have bipolar disorder: They just have mood swings.
According to Mental Health First Aid, bipolar disorder is more than mood swings. A bipolar disorder diagnosis requires specific criteria to be met. Along with extreme mood fluctuations, many people with bipolar disorder have harmed themselves or thought about suicide. Mood fluctuations, or episodes, can last for less than one week to more than two weeks at a time. The American Psychiatric Association lists symptoms and diagnosis criteria for the different types of bipolar disorder.
- MYTH: People with bipolar disorder are always aggressive.
Since there are different types of bipolar disorder and different symptoms that can be presented, not everyone with bipolar disorder is aggressive or violent. People with bipolar disorder can be motivated, energized and productive; restless, impulsive and agitated; hopeless, numb and confused; anxious and depressed; or a combination of any or all of these.
- MYTH: It is not possible to have a good quality of life with bipolar disorder.
Effective treatment can help people with bipolar disorder thrive. There are several medication and therapy options. Medication options include mood stabilizers (i.e., valproate or lithium), atypical antipsychotics and antidepressants. Therapy can include individual, group or family therapy. Patients can especially benefit from psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy or social rhythm therapy. Electroconvulsive therapy is another option to stimulate the brain and lessen symptoms. It can also be helpful for people with bipolar disorder to stay connected with friends and family members, exercise regularly, eat a balanced diet and get plenty of sleep.
Note: Treatment for bipolar disorder should always be patient centered. If you have bipolar disorder and have questions or concerns about your treatment plan, do not feel afraid to speak up.
With proper treatment, many people with bipolar disorder may have their symptoms and functioning improve and live better lives. UofL Health – Peace Hospital can be reached at 502-451-3333 for a no-cost level-of-care assessment and assistance with treatment options. Also, UofL Physicians – Psychiatry and Depression Center can provide hope to patients with bipolar disorder. The center can be reached at 502-588-4450.
If you ever have suicidal thoughts, dial 988, which is a free crisis hotline.
